Hydrocarbon motor



Jan. 12, 1932. R( M, D|| WORTH 1,840,570

HYDROCARBON MOTOR Filed June 6. 1928 Patented dan. l2, 1932 UNITED `STATES PATENT OFFICE RICHARD IVI. DILWORTH, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO, ASSIGNOR -TO THE ELECTRO-MOTIVE COMIANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION 01a` OHIO EYDROCARBON Moron Application led .Tune 6, 1928. Serial No. 283,173.

rlhis invention relates to hydrocarbon motors and more particularly tof carburetion devices therefor adapted for use one in connection with each engine cylinder to supply fuel v5` mixture thereto.

Vhere low grade lhydrocarbons are employed as fuel, as is contemplated in this invention, a high inlet velocity is imperative to prevent fuel precipitation, and to this end it is customary to employ the shortest possible passage between the carburetion device and the engine cylinder, and to provide a separate carburetion device for each cylinder so that a maximum carburetion velocity will be attained during the suction stroke of each cylinder piston. A

Where such an arrangement is provided the air stream is accelerated very rapidly indeed during the piston suction stroke although,

of course, the air velocity will always lag somewhat behind that of the piston. The principle of the carburetion device being to pick up by this air stream the liquid fuel as from a nozzle laterally extending into an` air passage therein, it will be apparent that the higher specific gravity of the liquid will result in a very considerable lagof the liquid with respect to the air.

What is more important is that the sudden closing of the engine cylinder inlet valve,

bringing the air in the passage to a substantial standstill, results in a spewing yover of the liquid from thenozzle into the air passage due to the inertia of the liquid set up during the immediately preceding suction stroke. The consequence is that ordinarily this liquid will be carried over into the cylinder during the next succeeding suction stroke, work down the cylinder walls past the piston and into the engine crank case, diluting the lubrieating oil therein with the well-known disastrous consequenees. i

lt is the ultimate object of my invention to eliminate this` possibility of'such so-called crank case dilution. To this'end I'have devised means of collecting in the fuel mixture passage liquid fuel leaving the fuel nozzle during portions of the cycle in which this liquid can not be entrained by the air flow;

59 and further I have devised means for returning fuel thus collected, into the air stream i during the next succeeding period of airv flow; the net result being that not only is liquid fuel collected when it is super abundant, and thus prevented from entering the engine cylinder as such, but during the initial portion of each suction stroke, where the tendency of the liquid to lag behind the air is greatest, my device has in substance a double means of introducing liquid into the air stream, one the nozzle above referred to and the other the means provided for introducing the excessl liquid collected as described.

The exact nature of the invention together with further objects and advantages thereof will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is an elevation View, largely in section, showing a construction of carburetion device in which my invention is incorporated; Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same but with the air chest wall removed,as in the planes indicated by line 2 2, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the valve pick-up device employed, as in the plane of line SP3, Fig. 1.

With reference now to the drawings the carburetion'device shown is provided with an air chest or compartment 1 having a removable side wall 2 but open at its upper end to the atmosphere through'a screen 3 carried by the wall, the chest having a seat 4 for a valve 5 mounted upon a shaft 6 which may extend beyond the chest 1 in either direction and carry similar valves of corresponding devices and have connection with a governor or control handle; it being understood that one such carburetion device is provided for each engine cylinder. Y Secured with the chest is a casting 7 adapted as by flange 8 for connection directly with the engine and having a passage 9 adapted for communication with the engine inlet valve port when such connection is made. The chest has also a downward opening 10 communicating with an elbow 11 through which air may pass from the chest to a sleeve member 12 fitted in a casting 13 properly secured as a unit with the casting 7 and other parts tliepassage 92 Theend of thel bore* 15l is closed as by a plug`19`but"a=clearance-pocket is allowed suflicient to receive the end wall 16 of the valve in its wide open position,

that is, when the opening 1Jl is aligned. with` the passage 18.

Thev passage 18: extends downwardly beyond: the1boref 153 asv at. 18 and communicates with? the: transverser passage.l 39: in: the; mani"- fold 40.- This manifold. hasl similnrconnec tionwith` the -canburetionA devices ofl the: several remaining; engine cylinders and: also; has communication witln a: starting carbureting device arranged: to.- supply' tox the enginea a star-ting mixturefv of higher gnadee fuel: than thatemployed undenondinaryfrunning conditions: @therwise this manifold. has; no; connectionl. with. this: invention.

The: valve 14a carries a laterally' extending stud 21 engaged by the forked end 22:01:.' a

' bellcra-nln lever'23` mounted; uponl af pin 'llheopposite: end of thekbell: crank4 lever has. connection as by a pair.` ot links 25.,.with thevalve 5 the? arrangement. beingy suchtl that the: valvesv 5. and 14" open. and@ closefy together;

The: through?. opening' in.' they sleeve L2'. is tapered down as indicatedV toV az restricted throat. portion 26\into whiclnproj ectsa;y nozzle 2% having; abore2'8 communicating by way of they tube 29: with: the; float chamber 3.0. having the-usualzfloamnot shown, associated with a needle valve and having a fuel supply connection as at 31, whereby. liquid fuel; is maintained inf` the. nozzle- 255 to the proper predeterminedblevel to bel picked up from the nozzle by the ai-r. stream-v through.I the throat 26.

The passa-gef 9falso converges to a throat portioni 32 into which throatJ portion the passage 181 ope-ns.A By thev arrangement de;- sc'ribed -i-t will be apparent tl-iat. when the val-ve 14;- is. at its extreme rig-ht position, Fig, 1l, the valere 5r will be closed4 and. admission to the' engine cylinder will be solely from. the manifold 4.0;.' This their` is the starting or idling positionv of the? parts..

The drawings show the partsin mid-run:- ning position and it. will be apparent there'- from that air will be induced during the suctionstrolse of they piston by way of the open-- ing 10, elbow 11', throat 26 of, the sleeve 12', valve 11e-,passager 18 to the passage 9 at the throat tlficreof. As the' air passes the throat 26 fuel is picked upA from the nozzle 27, and theparts areso proportioned that an overly rich mixture wilt thus be produced.

At the same time, however, air is flowing from the chest 1 past the valve 5 and through the passage 9. Thus the overly rich mixture delivered by the passage 18 is thinned out by the additional air and a proper running mixture is delivered. to the cylinder: of the engine.

According to my invention I provide in the end wall 16 of the valve 14 a short lead 33 fionrthe valve corner formedby-the end and bottom-portions thereof', the-lead 33 communicating with a vertical lead 34 opening upwardly as shown. Vhen the valve is in open position with thewall 16 thereof seating 1n the pocket 20, a passage with continuously smootlnwallsfisformed between the sleeve 12 and 4thefthroat` 32-,.thisfpassage having asharp right angle bend upwards in: such position ofrthe valve lhandithe valve iswideopen; and the engine is consequently workingto full capacity on;fuelisuppliedthrough the'connection.- 31'. Under-suoli conditions the velocity throughithefpassage described is so great' that the=cerner in the valve atthe bend thereof wilLbe-elfectively scoured; and free from liquidrfuel'.

When. the parts are. inl the` positionillustrated, however, the velocity through this passage is muchreduced, aud after each period; of. maximum velocity, that is, following each piston suction stroke, a certain amount of liquid fuel will, due to itsl inertia set up during the suctionstroke, overflow thenozzle 27- and' gradually .work'down into the corner im thegfvalive adjacent the'openingof the lead 33.vr Such liquid will however, when the valve isin-.the position shown, owing-'to the pressurei drop-y between the interior of the valvel 14k-and thegpassage 18, be caused to rise the, lea-d tandbe picked'up and entrained in. flowing through thev passage 18` upon the nent4 succeeding; piston suction stroke. Thus effectively under partially throttle conditi-ons. fuel; is introduced into the air stream at two points, by way of the nozzle 27 and by way of the end wall 16. of the valve 14.

I clainn:

1.. In a earburetion device adapted to supply fuel mixture subject` to periodic suction and having'a passage arranged for air flow dependent upon said suction, a nozzle arranged tointroduce fuel into said air stream, said passage. having a bend, a valve means movable? in said passage between said bend andsaid nozzle and having a portion adapted to collect fuel flowingl from said nozzle following suction periods, said valve means-having' a. lead from said portiony thereof and directed into saidl passage beyond said bend thereof whereby said collected fuel will be introduced into said air stream during succeeding suction periods.

2. In a carburetion device adapted to supply fuel mixture subject to periodic suction and having a passage arranged for air How dependent upon said suction, a nozzle arranged to introduce fuel into said air stream, said passage having a bend and a pocket, a valve slidable in said passage between said bend and said nozzle and having a corner adapted to collect fuel flowing from said nozzle following suction periods, said valve having a lead from said corner thereof and di rected into said passage beyond said bend thereof whereby said collected fuel will be introduced into said air stream during suction periods, said pocket being adapted to receive that portion of said valve containing said lead in wide-open valve position, and said valve being adapted in said position to Coinplete the conformation of said passage walls whereby a bent passage with continuous walls is formed.

In testimony whereof I hereby ailix my signature.

RICHARD M. DILWORTH. 

